Electronic Surveillance And Its Historical Context

The first part of this paper framed FISA in its historical context. The 1978 Act initially enacted dealt only with electronic surveillance. It provided a statutory framework for collection of foreign intelligence information through the use of electronic surveillance of communications of foreign powers or agents of foreign powers. However, the Congress amended the act in 1995 and 1999 to provide a statutory framework for gathering foreign intelligence information through the use of electronic surveillance, physical searches, pen registers or trap and trace devices, access to business records and other tangible things. In sum, FISA grants broader authority than the Crime Control Act, but under a narrower range of circumstances. To limit the abuse of the Executive power that led to its passage, FISA also established the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts (FISC). The FISC requires the government to submit an application to obtain a surveillance warrant to a specially appointed FIS A judge. Moreover, since the FISA warrant is secret, the government in order to benefit from this higher level of secrecy bears a burden of showing that there is â€Å"probable cause† to believe the target is a foreign power and that the targeted information relates to the ability of the United States to protect against spying or terrorism. However, to address changing circumstances after the terrorist attacks of September 911, Congress has repeatedly amended FISA to adapt to the fight againstShow MoreRelated Government Surveillance vs Privacy Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesarticle, Hightower employs a metaphor to put into context that the drones are merely â€Å"Orwellian Gnats† that the government is putting into our skies without answering any of the public’s questions about them. The metaphor is referring to the Orwell novel 1984 which describes a dystopia in which the government has become out of control and used technology and brain-washing to control a massive amount of people. This metaphor gives the reader the context for viewing these drones. Instead of seeing themRead MoreHow The Constitution Should Be Interpreted? What Effect Does Their Powerful Decisions Have On America?1345 Words   |  6 Pagessometimes more important than the facts of the particular case at hand. Their power is so great and influential in nearly every major issue of our time that any way they fall on an important decision directly influences the course of American history. Context: 2014- This is during a time of great political and social divide in American culture. The clear rift in political thought and hard-lined party divisions described as â€Å"left† and â€Å"right† are becoming more and more extreme, making negotiation much moreRead MoreEssay On Big Data1200 Words   |  5 Pagesof healthcare delivery meanwhile reducingthe costs, these massive quantities of data (known as ‘big data’) hold the promise of supporting a wide rangeof medical and healthcare functions, including amongothers clinical decision support, disease surveillance and population health management Reports say data from the U.S. healthcare system alone reached, in 2011, 150 exabytes. At this rate of growth, big data for U.S. Healthcare will soon reach the zettabyte (1021 gigabytes) scale and, not long afterRead MoreImpact of Private Channels1572 Words   |  7 Pagesmeaning and organizes our survival. Individuals adapt their use of mass media to their own particular needs. Broadly speaking, we can say that people use the media in four ways: enjoyment, companionship, surveillance, and interpretation. Today media service is an anxious system of modern society. Electronic media, mainly television is the most important innovation in the communication technology. Teachers teach, government governs and religious leader preach but media totally changes the lifestyle of peopleRead MoreEssay on 1984: A Prophesy for the Future?1049 Words   |  5 PagesIt will never end. Propaganda terms are used to make these wars seem less brutal and aggressive such as peace-keeping forces, landings, and defense strategies. In 1949 altering newspapers seemed impossible. Today with all information becoming electronic instead of print, it is definitely possible for back copies of newspapers and magazines to be changed. History is being changed by omitting leaders such as Chairman Mao of China and Stalin in the official histories of countries and some aspectsRead MoreElectronic Surveillance in the Workplace6778 Words   |  28 PagesElectronic surveillance in the workplace Electronic Surveillance in the Workplace: Concerns for Employees and Challenges for Privacy Advocates Anna Johnston and Myra Cheng Paper delivered 28 November 2002 International Conference on Personal Data Protection Hosted by Personal Information Dispute Mediation Committee, Korea Information Security Agency Seoul, Korea Ms Anna Johnston is the NSW Deputy Privacy Commissioner. Ms Myra Cheng is a Research amp; Policy Officer with Privacy NSWRead MoreAmerica s Justification For Surveillance And Spy Activity1930 Words   |  8 PagesThe National Security Agency of the United States has created a confidential surveillance program named PRISM, operating as the world’s largest â€Å"Planning Tool for Resource Integration, Synchronization, and Management†. This program is designed to gather and process â€Å"foreign intelligence† that travels through the United States, by extracting data from some of the world’s largest tech companies and its users. The United States describes itself as the â€Å"Worlds telecommunications backbone†, which wasRead MoreThe Issue Of International Relations1536 Words   |  7 Pagesbe perceived in that way. The present thesis aims to analyze the applicability and the implications of the securitization framework in the context of Rio de Janeiro. It is important to mention that the Brazilian case will be explored here as an example to access the strengths, weaknesses and implications of securitization from an urban and militarized-context perspective. Although drug dealing is a transnational crime and the use of the military logic to combat urban violence is a regional and globalRead MorePersuasive Essay On Cyber Privacy1952 Words   |  8 Pagesrecent decades, there is an increasingly types of surveillance are appearing in public areas such as video cameras, phone tap, and online surveillance, and this essay will focus on one type of surveillance(cyber surveillance). Many people would like to say why we need surveillance? On the one hand, with the tides and waves of globalization, false and fake information like Internet virus, spam mails, phishing have been overflowed. In the context of this, cyber security and Internet crimes have emergedRead MoreImproving Financial Disclosure And Transparency1526 Words   |  7 PagesIn general, continuing disclosure data provide an idea of the financial health of the issuer over time. This brief offers an overview of the context of this issue, including the historical and current regulatory environment, in addition to synthesizing expert assessments of the existing system as well as proposed opportunities for improvement. CONTEXT The Secondary Market for Municipal Bonds When municipal securities trade after the primary offering, they are said to trade in the secondary

Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men Essay

Kelli Kuramoto Ms. Aguirre Survey #6 21 September 2016 Lovers or Loneliness Loneliness is inevitable in life, there is no escaping from it. It is a part of life that everyone undergoes. You can choose to let it define you, or you can define it. The choices you make in life will undoubtedly change your future. In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, there are a number of people that George and Lennie meet who experience loneliness. They find work as ranch hands in the city of Salinas, California. They meet an abundance of people who understand the hardships of a working man in 1937. George and Lennie soon learn that Crooks, the black man, and Curley’s Wife, the boss s son’s wife, both endure the misery of solitude and isolation. Loneliness is present in many ways throughout the novel. The characters in the book who are lonely want others to understand what they are feeling. However the fear of being alone can cause extreme reactions. The lonely characters in the book want others to suffer from what they’re feeling. For Crooks, he wants other people to experience his loneliness. When Lennie sees Crook’s light on one night, he wanders into his room asking if he had seen his dog. Crooks says no, but Lennie decides to linger inside his room a little longer. They make small talk for a while, but Crooks decides to pull Lennie’s tail and tells Lennie deceptive lies, â€Å"‘Well s’pose, jus’ s’pose he don’t come back. What’ll you do then?’ [†¦] ‘Maybe you can see now. YouShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 2778 Words   |  12 PagesLiterature 15 October 2014 Author Study: John Steinbeck John Steinbeck, born in February 27, 1902, worked as a manual labor worker before achieving his success as a well renowned American writer. A compassionate understanding of the world s disinherited was to be Steinbeck s hallmark. The novel In Dubious Battle (1936) defends striking migrant agricultural workers in the California fields. In the novel Of Mice and Men(1937; later made into a play), Steinbeck again utilizes the hardships of migrantRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1406 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis Essay John Steinbeck, writer of the novel, Of Mice and Men, uses many different rhetorical devices and appeals to unravel the essence and truth of the American Dream, while revolving around the world of these characters, George and Lennie. Written during the great depression, the novel itself shares the lives of many different people during that time period. It explored how everyone was treated through that time due to skin color, disabilities, and gender. Life during thisRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1199 Words   |  5 Pages Alaura Lopez Period 4 December 18, 2014 Mrs. George Of Mice and Men Final Paper John Steinbeck’s book Of Mice and Men presents the story of two men trying and struggling to find the â€Å"American Dream†. In southern Salinas, California during the 1930’s the main characters Lennie, a giant man with a childlike aura and George, the opposite of Lennie, a small man with strong features are displaced migrant ranch workers, that travel from town to town together in hunt of new work opportunitiesRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 926 Words   |  4 Pages In the literary work Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck,the reader is introduced into the depression era where this takes place.This set takes place in the Depression era where everybody is out of a job , the bank crashes , the Stock market crashes. Every man is struggling, trying to find work. Steinbeck teaches the reader about the struggle of working hard for their dreams, having hope, and never giving up. A prime example of this is George, who tells his dream and creates dreams for other peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men839 Words   |  4 Pages Joe Cetrone Response to setting Of Mice and Men Along with the market crash of 1929, the United States underwent an economic calamity. Millions out of work, families destroyed and dreams crushed. Not only this, a solution to this disaster was nowhere in sight. Human existence was in question. And inevitably, the American Dream. With so many out of work, how would it have been possible for people to protect and serve their families? There was not enough money to go around, making it near impossibleRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 849 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Wha’s the matter with me?’ she cried. ‘Ain’t I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways?† (Steinbeck 87) In the novella Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, Curley’s wife is discriminated against because she is a woman living in the 1930s when few females could live economically independent of men. By choosing not to name her, Steinbeck reinforces her insignificance on the ranch and her depe ndence on Curley. While a misfortunate victim of isolation, Curley’s wife exerts unexpectedRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1367 Words   |  6 Pagesworth. Living life with whom a person loves greatly increases happiness and trust between those in the relationship. But this unity may come at a cost; true friendship requires sacrifice. Friendship and loyalty in the novella, Of Mice and Men, by expression through John Steinbeck’s interpretation, brings greater understanding to their importance of each. Loyalty, protecting and standing by someone who a person respects or loves, as Lennie and George illustrate. Loyalty does involve a treacherousRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1020 Words   |  5 PagesWeak Do opposites really attract? Can two people, with no similarities, share a close bond? It proves to be so in the novel Of Mice and Men , written by John Steinbeck. A novel which tells the story of two men, George and Lennie, and their journey of a new job working on a ranch. A novel with a different but interesting style of writing. A novel where John Steinbeck utilizes how powerful George is over Lennie, to signify how people believe they are dominant over others, because of their greaterRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagestowards women have been a problem in society since men foolishly decided to give women the stereotype of being housewives and only good for breeding children. Those who refuse to follow the stereotype are considered promiscuous, or unfaithful towards their significant other. This stereotype was highly expected of women during the early twentieth century, and was also exhibited in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice an d Men towards Curley’s wife. Of Mice and Men took place in the 1930s, and the plot follows twoRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1564 Words   |  7 PagesThe Life of John Steinbeck By: Alex Moses Mrs. Seymour 11/20/14 Dear Reader, I chose to research John Steinbeck for the Mulitgenre Research Project. I chose this American author because he has written many old timey American classics that signify the growth of the Untied States, which is exemplified in his novel, â€Å"Of Mice and Men†. This author is important to American literature because â€Å" Ideas are like rabbits. You get a couple and learn how to handle them, and

Whole Foods Market and Interpersonal Communication Free Essays

Discuss how the basic interpersonal communication model that is presented in Figure 8. 1 can be applied to the impersonal nature of an online forum. Interpersonal communication is communications between two or more people in an organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Whole Foods Market and Interpersonal Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now The skills needed for successful communication in the workplace include reading, listening, managing and interpreting information, and serving clients. The basic interpersonal communication model that is presented in Figure 8. can be applied to impersonal nature of an online forum by following the same principle that an individual would in the workplace, the only difference is instead of communicating face to face you will be communicating electronically in an online forum. In interpersonal communication there is the communicator, the message, the receiver, perceptual screens and feedback. In an impersonal nature of an online forum the same method applies. For example, skillful interpersonal communication involves basic conversational language skills including listening and speaking abilities, a basic understanding of how personalities and cultures effect communication, an understanding of your own personality, culture, and preferences, and knowledge of conflict prevention techniques. An individual can apply these same guidelines in an online forum. Instead of listening and speaking abilities like an individual would follow through interpersonal communication, the individual would use correct grammar and punctuation. How does defensive communication enter into this case? Defensive communication can be defined as communication that can be aggressive, attacking, and angry, or passive and withdrawing. Defensive communication enters into this case through John Mackey, CEO of Whole Foods Market. He continuously displays communication that is aggressive, attacking, and angry. One incident defensive communication took place at a retailing conference in Manhattan in 2001, John Mackey shouted â€Å"I’m going to destroy you,† to Perry Odak, CEO of Wild Oats. John Mackey posted numerous comments that criticized Wild Oats Markets such as â€Å"no company would want to buy Wild Oats Markets Inc. , â€Å"OATS locations are too small and management doesn’t know what they are doing†, and â€Å"Oats has no value and no future. † For nearly eight years Mackey posted online comments under the name Rahodeb, in the online stock forums of Yahoo Finance. How is the Internet transforming the way people communicate? The Internet is transforming the way people communicate through several methods. For instance, through online communication one cannot truly know how the other person is feeling because facial and eye behaviors and/or body gestures become absent. This makes it difficult for an individual to communicate with another through online forums. Also, just like in interpersonal communication one must be aware of cultural diversity, in online forums, an individual may not be aware of the culture in which they are trying to communicate which in turn makes communication difficult. Another method in which Internet is transforming the way people communicate is since online forums are impersonal in nature; the Internet shields the sender from personal interaction. This may cause individuals less patient with face-to-face communication. However, the use of online forums encourages polyphasic, or multi-tasking activity. Discuss the ethical problems that are revealed by examining John Mackey’s online postings in relation to the communications provision of the Whole Foods Declaration of Interdependence? Ethical problems that are revealed by examining John Mackey’s online posting in relation to the communications provisions of the Whole Foods Declaration of Interdependence include John Mackey’s actions of unprofessionalism. The postings under the pseudonym name Rahodeb were extremely unprofessional especially coming from the CEO of the company. The communications provisions of the Whole Foods Declaration of Interdependence states â€Å"[o]ur ability to install a clear sense of interdependence among our various stockholders†¦is contingent to communicate more often, more openly, and more compassionately. Better communication equals better understanding and more trust. † Mackey’s communication through Yahoo Finance postings, were far from compassionate and open. He slandered the Wild Oats Market reputation. How to cite Whole Foods Market and Interpersonal Communication, Essay examples

Male Privileges in Pakistan Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Disccuss about the Male Privileges in Pakistan. Answer: Male privilege can be understood by the term itself that it considers to the factors, advantages or rights with respect to social, economic and politics that are given or allowed specifically to the men on the basis of their sex. Here, in this essay we will focus on the male privileges in Pakistan where we will study in brief the mans access to the benefits and the personal view on the stated advantages. The essay will give an idea about the how the men in Pakistan since their birth are focused and cared from their family. The essay will give the perspective on how these below points are not completely valid to me as there must be a gender equality in the country where the women or men all must enjoy same kind of freedom and right to work according to their own will. On the other hand some of the privileges like taking the responsibility of the old people in the family are one of the points that seemed me to be valid and appropriate according to the masculine norms. The certain crite ria and thinkings are related with the advantages that are taken or given to the male group which negatively impacts the definition of the privileges. The essay below will particularly talk about four privileges in deep along with some extra findings on the basis of the sources studied. Men in Pakistan are given more preference than the women who are mostly neglected. People in Pakistan prefer towards giving birth to male rather than female child. I came across this factor after reading various journals and reports on the medical care which were given to more frequently to the sons that the daughters. This shows that more of the care is given to the men rather than women. In the same manner this extends into later childhood and adolescence (Hou 2016). It might be one of the reasons because people tend to believe that the women are a complete wasted investment. The people in Pakistan think that if they have boy child they are blessed because they are the bread earners of the family and whatever they will earn or whatever the family has will stay with family itself rather would not go to others family as in case of girls (Khurshid 2016). Therefore, this preference of boys is embedded in the cultural essence of Pakistan. This often led to higher mortality rate in women . According to my reading and findings I have also read that the girls are breastfed for less number of months as compared to the male and even the males provided with more medical attention and care. Men in Pakistan also enjoy the privilege of freedom in the entire context as compared to women. There they enjoy many of the opportunities such as the freedom to education starting from the primary to higher studies some even go out to pursue higher studies in abroad where as the women are not facilitated with this opportunity. Over 62% of the women of total have not ever been to primary schools in Pakistan (En.unesco.org, 2018). This in turn shows that the literacy level in women is too low as where in male the literacy rate is 69% and against female is 45%. Men in Pakistan have no further restriction while staying out of the house till late (The Nation, 2018). This is a kind of privilege that can be accepted but on the other hand the female group being in so much isolated form such as wearing burqa in public could have been accepted only if the same rights as like the men enjoy could have been enjoyed by the women. Pakistan is a country where basically there are two perceptions tha t women are to be subordinated to men and that mans honor resides in the action of the women of the family. According to me the freedom should be distributed equally to everyone in the country (Shah 2015). This way the country can get advantage of using its manpower to turn into its capital. According to my perspective this advantage taken by the men is not a right decision because the employment rate in the country can be contributed by both the gender which gradually shows the result by increasing the countrys development in all the sectors. Whereas, in my thinking the country should provide equal opportunity for both the genders to operate with their own decisions. Purdah is practiced in the country for only the women which is part of tradition, region and class which nowhere adds value but only unrelated men and women mix freely. This all practices are not only accepted in the rural but in urban residences too. This country is based and focused more on the men power rather than women because they believe that womens mobility is limited even in their behavior and activities (Shaikh and Pathan 2016). In this country, the employment options for the male section of the society are wider as for the females. Many professions such as games including cricket, Olympics and other, then army, science and technology this all field give the superior importance to the male group. Men enjoy a privilege in Pakistan where they give their family their own name and take the responsibility of the old people whereas the women leave their house after marriage and go to men house. This responsibility of men taking care of the elder people sounds nice but again the same women are no more responsible for getting any of the shares from her family and instead she had to take care and support her husbands family (Khalid, Nyborg and Khattak 2015). It is believed that men carry forward the name of the family and business trade but women do not which is not appreciated at all. The male are give the major of the land and property rights from his family. Women would be also given the right to take in charge of the family trade because they also have the capability to run the business successfully. The government there in Pakistan serves the benefit to the men who are eligible for holding all the property rights of the family more than the women. In some cases women are not even posted with any of the property rights once they are married to another family. Men can have the intention to keep relation with women informally whereas women can only keep formal relations with men. This type of thinking is back dated as it not only gives rise to illogical beliefs but also the illegal power to rise and impact negatively. The impacts can be as the men forcing his likes and dislikes or simply his opinions on the women and utilizing his power of authority in a distressful manner. Male are more subjected to adapt to any kind of decisions according to their like and dislike. As compared to the women they are not allowed to take all the decisions of their own but need to take permission from their father or brother. The country allows the men to work in any of the field without any of the restrictions. The men enjoy all sought of freedom in the country starting from earning their education in primary to earning opportunity in studying abroad. They make their own decision on the basis of their like and dislike. They even enjoy the privilege that they get in the field of employment as compared to the women of the country. More of the public services are preferred to the men as compared to the women who only constitute a few amount of contribution in the employment sector (Gill, Phull and Chachar 2017). Male are believed to take their own responsibilities and handle each situations and are believed that they are hard and not soft like women as a result they can tak e the responsibility of all the members of the family and this in turn gives them the right to take all the necessary decisions and even the decisions for the women of their family (Zubair and Zubair 2017). Their dislikes and likes are preferred by the society which led them a privilege by birth. This is wrong, because the right to make decision on the basis of own needs and requirements is to be granted to all. Men are domain with work and for women the work only limits within home related stuffs and taking care of the children. Research Journey While doing the assignment on reflective essay on the above topic it was interesting and knowledgeable as in the sense I never knew that there are such privileges taken in any part of the world where most of the benefits are given only to the men but not the women. I read out many reports and articles to understand the privileges that are allowed to the men in Pakistan. Some of the privileges were same as in other countries. It was also benefit for me because due to this study I went through many statistics which showed the level of literacy in Pakistan among females and males, the contribution of females in the work force and many other statistics. The main challenge while doing the assignment was to find out the exact privileges that were enjoyed by the men in Pakistan. As there are less information given on the specific about the privileges and more of the information were available on the feminism or the women of Pakistan. While the privileges are enjoyed by the men it can be see n that they strongly relate to the daily life domesticity. The decision making, taking forward the family name and trade are all part of the privileges that can be enjoyed by the male and female both but still are only addressed as male privilege in the country. The differences between male and female privileges in different countries, is the idea I have found with doing this assignment. Before doing this assignment I had no idea that on the name of privileges the men in some of the countries like Pakistan enjoy a limitless facility and which is given to them by their family members only. This research had helped me to gain knowledge on the field of privileges enjoyed by men in all the section of the society such as the social, political and economically. In the end, the essay can be concluded as such that male privileges that are enjoyed in Pakistan are partially correct and in some cases do not make any sense of their applicability. The first privilege that the male enjoy is they get the treatment and the facility at best from their birth where the women as compared to them do not get the same. In the similar manner again the male get various kinds of opportunity such as staying out with their friends, right to wear any sort of clothes of their choice, completing their education going abroad for wider opportunities. They enjoy the privileges offered by the services and institutions. The impacts of the privileges which are being used in a negative manner can affect the society and it consequences can lead to drag down the development of the society and the country. Some of the predetermined privileges wrongly formed due to the cultural thinking are the result of privileges harming the society and its components mainly the women. From the above it had been noticed that the male not only enjoy benefits in the field of education but also socially and in the family with great importance. References En.unesco.org. 2018. [online] Available at: https://en.unesco.org/gem-report/sites/gem-report/files/girls-factsheet-en.pdf [Accessed 17 Mar. 2018]. Gill, F., Phull, G.M. and Chachar, A.A., 2017. Human Rights Violations Of Labour And Women In Pakistan.Grassroots,51(1). Hou, X., 2016. How Does Womens Decision-Making Power Affect Budget Share, Nutrition and Education in Pakistan?.Journal of Family and Economic Issues,37(1), pp.115-131.=== Khalid, A., Nyborg, I. and Khattak, B.N., 2015. Whose property whose authority? Gendering the legal and customary practices in ownership and access to land: A case of Swat, Pakistan.Journal of Rural Studies,41, pp.47-58. Khurshid, A., 2016. Domesticated gender (in) equality: Womens education gender relations among rural communities in Pakistan.International Journal of Educational Development,51, pp.43-50. Shah, S., 2015. Where does the power lie? Gender, leadership, and positional power.Women leading education across the continents: Overcoming the barriers, pp.165-172. Shaikh, N. and Pathan, P.A., 2016. Islamic Perspectives Of Women Rights.Grassroots,50(1). The Nation. 2018.Female literacy rate. [online] Available at: https://nation.com.pk/05-Aug-2016/female-literacy-rate [Accessed 17 Mar. 2018]. Zubair, S. and Zubair, M., 2017, July. Situating Islamic feminism (s): Lived religion, negotiation of identity and assertion of third space by Muslim women in Pakistan. InWomen's Studies International Forum(Vol. 63, pp. 17-26). Pergamon.

Bubble Popping free essay sample

â€Å"Aren’t you hot?† â€Å"Were you forced to put that on your head?† â€Å"How many scarves do you have?† These were all questions I had received upon making my decision to wear the hijab, or Muslim headdress. However, there was one question that had not been asked. The answer had been lounging in the back of my mind since July, dangling on the edge of my tongue and waiting to exercise. And finally, â€Å"Why do you wear that?† accompanied with a circular motion around the head. I looked up and found a boy staring back at me, wearing a genuine expression on his face, one of solemn curiosity. I had been preparing for this question for months, yet I did not want to launch into a 20-minute speech preaching about my religion, so I opted for a relatively simple answer. â€Å"I wear this,† pointing to my scarf, â€Å"because it’s a really important part of my religion. We will write a custom essay sample on Bubble Popping or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It represents modesty, so people won’t judge me by my body shape or appearance, but they’ll like me for my personality and character.† An uncomfortable silence followed. â€Å"Does that make sense?† I prodded. He smiled thoughtfully. â€Å"Yeah, it actually does.† I breathed a sigh of relief and a wave of satisfaction washed over me as I realized I had taken a huge step toward reaching my goal. More experiences similar to this one arose, yet one in particular seemed to clear away the uncertainty of my dreams and aspirations. Every Wednesday the Global Relief club would drive down to El Cajon, California and tutor Iraqi refugees at Emerald Middle School. It became my favorite day of the week—the eager children waiting for us outside the classroom, the Arabic circulating around the room in rapid breaths, and the feeling of contentment I received when I knew I had helped someone. That Wednesday was different though. As we approached the regular classroom, I noticed a small girl standing alone against the wall, staring down at her sneakers. I walked over to her, smiled, and said hello. She replied back in a small voice, and from her accent, I deduced that she had recently immigrated. I knew I could never imagine what she had been through, but I immediately felt a connection to her. In that scared, self-conscious girl, I saw my previous self. Her name was Rana, and she had the quiet, nervous voice I had adapted when I started wearing the hijab. She avoided direct eye contact and almost all conversations that were not in Arabic. My constant attempts to engage her in conversation were dismissed. Communication with her was difficult. While I tutored her, we struggled to understand each other, but after experimenting a few Arabic words in a horrible accent, I managed to make her smile. I learned to say, â€Å"Is this right or wrong?† and â€Å"friend.† In retrospect, I learned many new Arabic words, but those held no hope with my terrible language skills. Instead, Rana taught me other things. By the end of the year, Rana was speaking English at a fast pace, and, laughing, I had to tell her to slow down so I could understand her. She bickered with young boys who were bothering her, and giggled with other girls her age. The same girl who was standing alone against the wall was now chattering away in the large group of kids that waited for us outside the classroom. I watched her grow, and in a way, Rana showed me how much I had grown in the past year as well. Coming from a Muslim background and wearing the hijab has had a lasting impact on who I am, and my dreams of who I wish to be. An ordinary engagement with a peer, a learning experience with a young girl, and the feelings that followed pushed me in the direction of helping others, breaking down barriers, and overcoming communication obstacles. I have learned to communicate with and relate to people who may not be in my immediate religious circle, yet have faced similar experiences of discovering identity and trying to fit in. After a long year of struggling to blend in with 2,500 students, I have not succeeded, yet this â€Å"failure† has benefited me in the long run. I am now not afraid of what people think of me, I can speak my opinions without stuttering, and I do not hesitate to make silly faces at friends across the classroom, just to earn a smile. At some point in each of our lives, we have stared up at the tall, intimidating walls of difference, contemplating the best way to jump, climb, or dig under them to make it to the other side. Some may walk away from these walls, ignoring wonderful opportunities to meet someone who may be different from them, but someone who, nonetheless, they may be able to form a connection with. Our ability to tear down these walls, break out of our molds, and communicate with and relate to others is what truly makes us unique, social beings, and I believe that, with the help of many, including Rana, I have succeeded.

The Bacchae essays

The Bacchae essays All work for no play makes one a dull boy/girl this timely phrase has been ingrained in modern minds across the western world. Spawns of todays society often believe in going out and seizing the day carpe diem. In much of the western world, people are taught to go out and experience life, to fulfill their passions and devotions, and to enjoy their short time they have on earth. This tradition reigns most fervently in highly-developed countries such as the United States, Japan, France, Britain, Australia, etc. The young celebrate a long weeks work with a Friday night of intoxicating fun at a party. A family ventures into the realm of extreme sports by taking a weekend ski trip. People put themselves through the excruciating pains of punches and bloody noses when they enter boxing matches. People dive off from a moving plane hundreds of feet above the ground. People blow their eardrums away at concerts, jumping up and down screaming like there is no tomorrow. There is a gener al belief within much of the western world that to be a truly successful and fulfilled person, one must incorporate outrageous activities that allow one to really experience the wild side of life into ones ordered, structured life. This thought come in large part from the New Age thought and economic prosperity, but its roots can ultimately be traced back to the ancient Greek tradition, stemming in part from Euripides The Bacchae. The Bacchae shows, through the extreme ends of tyrannical control and absolute frenzy, the need for balance between strict order and manic passion, or else, society will be doomed. Life cannot exist without stern organization, but simultaneously, life cannot exist without frenzied fervor. The Bacchae presents the twin struggle between restraint and release. Dionysus, the Greek god of wine, prophecy, religious ecstasy and fertility, begins the play alr...

Statement of Purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statement of Purpose - Essay Example So, I always loved to work for international organizations that deal with various social and humanitarian issues. So, after graduating from the Yerevan State University, Faculty of Romance and Germanic Philosophy, I worked in several international organizations in Armenia for six long years. As I got my graduation in English with French as the Minor, I found it easy to work in international organizations because communication had become an easy task for me through my graduation. As I continued my service in humanitarian international organizations, I won the Green Card Lottery, and as a result, I reached California. On reaching the US, I continued my social work. Then, I realized the fact that in order to serve the society better, I need to understand more about the psychology of various people. So, I entered the Mental Health Community Development Institute in Glendale for short-term career training in Social and Human Services. As a part of the study, I learnt more about Autism Spe ctrum Disorder and various other developmental disabilities and case management. There I became more aware about the fact that in order to serve the society better, I have to further deepen my knowledge in various psychological disorders and their management. Furthermore, as a part of the internship, I worked among victims of substance abuse in various rehabilitation centers. Also, I had to work among children with developmental disabilities. Admittedly, these experiences were an eye opener in my life. They made me realize that my knowledge and skills in handling the social issues are very limited, and that in order to sharpen my abilities, what I need is better understanding of the psychological aspects of the issues under consideration. Thus, my interest in society, humanitarian services, and psychological aspects, is nothing new, but has been with me as an innate inspiration since long. It was this desire that made me reach the humanitarian service sphere, and it is this interest that still keeps me firm in the same field. So, now, I have decided to learn more about psychology, and for that purpose, the best possible way for me is to pursue a postgraduate course in psychology. Then, I started my search for a good university that will best meet my needs and that can best horn my skills. As a result of the search, I reached the California State University, Los Angeles. Evidently, the University is one of the best places of education according to various rankings. According to the U.S News Best College Rankings, the University ranks 45th in rehabilitation counseling, and 60th in social work. In addition, the 2012 University Web Ranking by 4 International Colleges and University considers California State University, Los Angeles as the 27th best place for education in the U.S . It becomes evident that the College of Natural and Social Sciences at the California State University, Los Angeles, has an award winning array of faculty to teach the students. That mean s, the ones who join the university will be getting the very best and the very latest from the excellent education available at the university. Another point that attracts me towards the university is the excellent mixture of education and entertainment at the university. As it becomes evident from the history of the university, it takes into consideration both curricular and extracurricular development of the students. As a part of this, the university offers a large number of

The role of the IMF in helping poor and debt-troubled countries Case Study

The role of the IMF in helping poor and debt-troubled countries - Case Study Example Certain occurrences such as post-war rehabilitation or various crises could lead to a situation where a country would have minimal resources to support the running of its government. In order to replenish their reserves, the IMF lends money with certain conditions according to standards it has predetermined for compliance. In order for the countries to pay their international obligations as well as finance their local subsistence, the IMF would lend them the money. The loan is granted provided that they meet conditions set including interest and imposition of fiscal policies that must be enforced by the borrowing state. These prerequisites result to high-conditionality lending that must be adhered to before they can fully enjoy the loan. The IMF is essentially a bank, and, just as the common knowledge about banking institutions suggest, it is also for profit. First off, a member country may avail of financial assistance if there is a balance in its international payment that it cannot satisfy. It then requests an arrangement through a lending instrument where the IMF (2014) â€Å"stipulate specific economic policies and measures a country has agreed to implement to resolve its balance of payments problem† through a Letter of Intent (n.p.). This is then approved after presentation to the Executive Board and thereafter the funds are transferred in staggered basis according to their enactment of the programs. There have been many criticisms of the fund and how it’s policies of across the board conditions have led to the regression of many borrowing nations. Bird (2005) argues that the commonplace resentment proliferated during the 1990s to end the IMF would not have sat well decades earlier when countries severed communist ties left without funds (p.17). It is a commonplace scenario where countries in debt continue to be in debt unable to

1.4 Individual Share Portfolio Review assessment brief Essay

1.4 Individual Share Portfolio Review assessment brief - Essay Example In this regard, there is regulation of any form of fraud. The form of payment mode that the targeted shareholders prefer determines the strategies to be adopted by the arbitrageur in the trading process. There are two types of payment methods in a share performance analysis. In a stock merger, there is receipt of bid stocks by the targeted shareholders. On the other hand, share portfolio review shows how a share trader buys and sells stock to the highest bidder at the offer price after the completion of the bid exercise (Fernholz, 2012, 34). This type of investment entails the buying of stock and consequent selling of the bid stock at a suitable offer price. After the trading is completed, the target stock is exchanged for the bidder stock in order to cover the short position. The stock analyst can benefit from the trading when the bid succeeds. Therefore, if the bid does not go through, then the investor remains at the break-even state. The disclosure of information used by the stock analyst in decision-making is crucial because it makes him more a versed with the bid in quest. The graph indicates the fluctuation in prices of the shares within the share portfolio over the period. Share portfolio review uses of only public information with regard to bids. Therefore, it is not a covert deal with concealed information. Guiso (2012, 47) asserts that the trading is not subject to rumor information but investors only respond when a sealed deal on a bid has been announced to the public domain. Stock analysts believe that profitable trading is not contingent on a bid occurrence. The period set for the bid to be consummated is the overriding factor in the business. Risk is a crucial aspect in risk arbitrage because the whole process of risk spread involves some element of uncertainty. The result of the bid is usually unknown to the public. This owes to the fact that it may result to a profit or loss. For instance,

Biography of Mary McLeod Bethune

Biography of Mary McLeod Bethune Mary McLeod Bethune spent her life educating and working to earn human rights for African Americans. She was an educator, advocator, leader, and humanitarian that dedicated many years to equality and the uplift of African-Americans lifestyles. She felt that education and access to knowledge was the only way to battle adversities that were crippling the black community. Bethune took on and accomplished many great tasks as an African-American woman in hopes of proving that one person can make a powerful positive impact on society. She was born on July 10, 1875 in Mayesville, South Carolina to Samuel and Patsy McLeod. Mary McLeod was the fifteenth of seventeen children. Both her parents had been slaves, but after emancipation they acquired land and began instilling vital attributes within their children. As a child Mary worked the cotton field, witnessed her parents provide religious and food services to others, and helped her mother with the laundry that she did for local white people. One day Bethune had an experience that would motivate her to become an educated African-American woman. While delivering the laundry with her mother to a white employer Mary McLeod picked up a book the customers granddaughter lashed out telling her to put the book down because blacks could not read (Bolden, 1998, p.94). Historian John Hope Franklin said, education was the greatest single opportunity to escape the indignities and proscriptions of an oppressive white south (Bolden, 1998, p.95). The pain young Mary felt on that day inspired her to take an interest in education and provoked the need to overcome oppression. Mary attended a local Presbyterian missionary school during her early years. Around the age of twelve Mary McLeod received a scholarship to attend Scotia Seminary in Concord, North Carolina. Merry Chrissman, a Quaker, wanted to give a promising student a chance at continuing education by paying their tuition for a year. Emma Wilson, Marys teacher from the missionary school, choose her as the recipient (Wilds, 2004, p.24-25).At Scotia, Mary McLeod had her first educational experience with white people. According to Wright (1999, p.9) Mary stated the following in regards to education at Scotia it: broadened my horizon and gave me my first intellectual contacts with white people, for the school had a mixed faculty. The white teachers taught that the color of a persons skin has nothing to do with his brains, and that color, caste, or class distinctions are an evil thing. Seven years later Mary McLeod Bethune graduated from Scotia. Years at the Christian school had reinforced her faith and Mary decided that she wanted to be a missionary in Africa. Mary began attending the Moody Institute for Home and Foreign Missions, in Chicago. At Moody Mary was the only African-American student, but this time helped her realize that black and white people could live and work together with objectivity (Johnson-Miller, 1998). Marys requests to be a mission were denied by the institution (Bolden, 1998, p.98). Reasons behind this decision by the institute were that there were no openings for Negro missionaries in Africa (Wright, 1999, p. 5). Mary describes this as the greatest disappointment in my life (Wilds, 2004, p. 26). Mary prevailed over this disappointment and decided that instead of teaching Africans she would begin working with African-Americans. So under the instruction of Lucy Laney Mary McLeod started teaching at Haines Institute, in Augusta, Georgia. During this time Mary McLeod and Lucy Laney were dedicated to supporting the derelict children in this low-income community. Other black communities that Mary traveled to and taught in were Sumpter, South Carolina, Savannah, Georgia, and Palatka, Florida. In Palataka, Florida McLeod organized the Mission Sabbath School for the poorest children. (Hine, Brown, Terborg-Penn, 1992, p.114). Mary McLeod met Albertus Bethune during her time at the Presbyterians Kendall Institute in Sumter, South Carolina. They married in 1898, and had one child Albert McLeod Bethune (Hine et.al, 1992, p.114). Their marriage was not jovial, and the Bethunes separated in 1907. Albertus Bethune died in 1918. While advancing blacks Mary did not incorporate marriage and fa mily often, they were secondary institutions. Her failed marriage may have been the reason behind this. Albert McLeod Bethune never finished college and was unsuccessful at several jobs. In 1920 he had a son, Albert McLeod Bethune Jr., which Mary adored. She adopted him and reared him, Albert McLeod Bethune Jr. went on to get a Masters Degree in Library Sciences and worked as a librarian in Daytona beach at the institution his grandmother founded (Hine et.al, 1992, p. 114). Many blacks were heading to Floridas east coast to do railroad construction, so Bethune followed with aspirations of opening a school in the area. The conditions of the blacks in Daytona stunned her. She recalled, hundreds of Negroes had gathered in Florida for construction work. I found there dense ignorance and meager educational facilities, racial prejudice of the most violent type crime and violence (Wright, 1999, p.7) Bethune knew that this was the place to began making a change. On October 3, 1904 Bethune founded the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls. She modeled her school after her alma mater, Scotia Seminary. According to Jessie Carney Smith (2001, p.68) Mary stated that she started the school with five little girls, a dollar and a half and faith in God. The early days were quite difficult; Mary McLeod begged for rudiments and gathered dry goods boxes for benches. However with help from Daytonas black leaders and influential white men and wo men the school excelled. In 1905, it was chartered as the Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute for Negro Scholars. Stressing religion and industrial education the students were active participants in the production and handling of food to meet needs and provide income to the school. There were many volunteers and less regular teachers, who were paid from fifteen to twenty dollars a month with board included (Wright, 1999, p.7). Her plan for the school was to have the girls educated on how to upkeep the home, which would include sewing and cooking so they would have skills to be hired as a maid, cook, dressmaker and above all a teacher. Financial assistance was low but a creative Bethune explored many avenues to gain aid. She organized a choir that gave concerts in churches and hotels to bring in money. Bethune became familiar with important businessmen such as, Thomas White, John D. Rockefeller, Henry J. Kaiser and James M. Gamble, though these financial undertakings. These men took notice in Bethune and her school, provided funding, and eventually formed her board of trustees (Wright, 1999, p.8). The institute continued to expand as Bethune advocated for her students and the necessity for blacks to have access to the same levels of education as whites. She wanted to prevent limitation and offer blacks a chance at becoming productive members of society. In 1923 the Daytona Institute merged with the coeducational Cookman Institute in Jacksonville, Florida (Smith, 2001, p.68). Combined they became known as Bethune-Cookman College (BCC). The unification could not have come at a better time. With the onset of the Great Depression Bethune might have not been able to weather the storm along, but as a determined woman she did take necessary precautions to keep the school running; such as cancelling athletic and social affairs, slashing salaries and cutting courses (Hine et.al, 1992, p.116). She believed that Bethune-Cookman College was the only option that many blacks had to attend college, and if the white colleges could make it through the depression she knew her school could as well. In 1942 Bethune-Cookman became a four year college, but the school never lost sight of Bethunes founding principle of combining religion, vocational program, and academia. Bethune had accomplished an amazing task by starting with a school for destitute youth but in the end cultivating a senior college. Mary McLeod Bethune was seeking to make change during a time of great oppression and she faced great resistance to social change by many whites around here in the southern states. Nothing deferred her from her dream of educating and improving the lives of black women. Despite threats from the Ku Klux Klan she led a successful black voter registration drive. She wanted her students and other black women to rise above barriers placed on them by society (Sicherman et.al, 1980, p.77). She established herself as a strong black woman and did not let the Jim Crow laws or persistence of whites to keep blacks in low-end jobs slow her down. Establishing a school was the foundation of Bethunes prominence in the womens club movement. From 1917-1924 Bethune served as the president of the Florida Federation of Colored Women. As president of this organization Bethune was faced with three main issues World War I (WWI), female enfranchisement , and rehabilitative services for delinquent black girls. In response to Americas entry into WWI Bethune promoted canning and preserving food, making articles for soldiers and their families, and assisting the Red Cross. In accord with the Nineteenth Amendment to the constitution voter rolls became open to women in Daytona. Despite the Ku Klux Klans attempt to sway and impede Bethune organized and registered herself, her entire faculty and staff, and other local black women (Hine et.al, 1992, p.118). Continuing with her legacy of offering chances to young women Bethune began to tackle the issue of a rehabilitative environment for delinquent black girls. Black female juvenile delinquents w ere placed in prison with adult lawbreakers, because there was not a facility that was for unruly black female youth. However there was a facility for white juvenile delinquent youth, the Industrial School in Ocala. In response to this the Florida Federation of Colored Womens Clubs launched an alternative facility for up to twelve residents in Ocala (Hine et.al, 1992, 118). Bethune opened the new Industrial School on September 20, 1921. This facility was directly funded by Bethune and a financial campaign until the late 20s when the state finally began funding this facility. Florida had been funding the Industrial School for white juvenile delinquents since 1913(Hine et.al, 1992, 118). Bethune believed that these young girls needed direction that they were not getting in the state prison in Raiford. She developed this facility in attempt to continue reducing unfairness and inequality that black women endured from systems in America. While heading the Florida Federation of Colored Wo mens Clubs Bethune founded the Southeastern Federation of Colored Women in 1920. Through this organization Bethune created relationships with open-minded white women for common welfare (Hine et.al, 1992, p.118).Contributing leadership for the womens general committee of the regional Commission on Interracial Cooperation was a great feat for the Southeastern Federation of Colored Women (Hine et.al, 1992, .118). Bethunes presence, values, and drive were unavoidable when she became president of the National Association of Colored Women (NACW). According to Sicherman et.al (1980 p.78) reaching presidency of the NACW was the highest office that a black woman at this time could aspire to reach. NACW was the premier black womens organization. Bethune benefited directly from working with the NACWs white counterpart the General Foundation of Womens Clubs. During her presidency of this association Bethune used her girls school as a base for NACW civic and charitable work (Hine, 1992, p117). As president of the NACW, Bethune worked intensely on projecting a positive image of black women to whites. She wanted to create roles for black women in both national and international arenas, she stated to her members, we must make this national body of colored women a significant link between the peoples of color throughout the world (Smith, 2001, p.70). Bethunes statement showed how advanced and limitless her thinking was as an activist. She wanted black women to understand that any goal was attainable. Bethune enhanced this organization by revising the constitution, improving their periodical, National Notes, and exemplifying great communication. The organizations first fixed headquarters was established in Washington, D.C. under Bethune (Sicherman et.al, 1980, p.78). The NACW was the first all-black organization operating in the nations capital with other white national organizations. Working with the NACW had halted Bethunes focus on black womens presence in national affairs. Bethune wanted black women to play a tangible role in the legislative process involving individual and family survival. Bethune felt the best way to reach this point was to establish an organization that encompassed all existing national womens organizations (Hine, 1992, p.120). NACW continuously declined her emphasis upon a cohesive body. Realizing that NACW was deeply involved in local issues, and did not grasp her hopes for black women on a national level Bethune fashioned her own vision. In December of 1935 Bethune founded the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW). NCNW united major national black womens association (Sichermen, 1980, p.80). In Bethunes fourteen year presidency she focused the councils activities on segregation and discrimination, on cultivation of international relationships, and on national liberal causes. Increasing the membership Bethune made chapters of NCNW in majo r cities. By the end of her term Bethune had developed a council that included twenty-two national womens organizations, academic sororities, Christian denominational societies, fraternal associations, auxiliaries, and eighty-two local councils (Hine, 1992, p.120). She also established headquarters for the NCNW in Washington, DC., employed a full-time staff, and initiated the Aframerican Womens Journal. With the NCNW Bethune brought visibility to black women in the nations capital, through the Conference on Governmental Cooperation in the Approach to the Problems of Negro Women and Children. During these conferences sixty-five women of African descent met with the government employees to discuss incorporating black females into social bureaucracies. In 1941 the War Department accepted NCNW as a member of its womens advisory council (Hine et.al, 1992, p.120). Acceptance by the War Department allowed organized black women to participate in government programs. This accomplishment gave the NCNW more leeway in endorsing federal employment, effective enfranchisement, anti-lynching, and internationalism. Bethune fought to diminish racist practices and gender prejudices through conferences, petitions, and civil service reform. The NCNW took a commanding stand on women in the military. Their goal was reached in all services in 1949 when the womens Marine Corps admitted a black applicant (Hine et.al, 1992, p.120). Bethunes inner workings with the Franklin Roosevelt Administration helped her rise the NCNW to great heights. Mary McLeod Bethune met Eleanor Roosevelt at a luncheon at Franklin Delano Roosevelts mothers house. They became allies forming a bond that would work to improve Blacks opportunities on a national level. Eleanor Roosevelt advocated on behalf of blacks and Bethune to her husband and other politicians many times. During the Depression the Black community felt like it was being ignored within the national relief plan the FDR was implementing. According to Wright (1999 p. 10) The Negro press told Eleanor that the only way the Negro is going to get fair treatment is for the government to see to it that a strong, capable Negrois appointed to get things moving in the right direction for Negro relief. Bethune was that strong and capable Negro, so Roosevelt asked her to accept an appointment on the advisory board of the National Youth Administration. NYA was established in 1935 to aid young people ages sixteen to twenty- four during the Great Depression (Smith, 2001, p.70). This was the first post filled by a black woman in the history of the United States. Bethune and her staff educated millions of underprivileged children and she enrolled 600,000 students in the classes NYA was offering in her first year. When Roosevelt created the office of Division of Negro Affairs of the NYA he made Bethune the director (Wright, 1999, p.10). With this position through the New Deal Bethune continued to resolve disagreements between her white colleges and black constituents. According to Smith (2001, p. 71) Bethune brought great assets to this position her charismatic personality, platform style, insight into race relations, abilities to influence people, and well known reputation. In attempt to pool the individual talents of all the Blacks in Roosevelt administration Bethune created the Black Cabinet. The Black Cabinet offered an esteemed Black presence in politics at the capital, and coordinated government programs for Blacks. Bethune saw that Blacks were included in all new progra ms that the NYA offered. The Civilian Pilot Training Program included six black colleges offering flight instruction. Their programs laid the foundation for black pilots in the military (Hine et.al, 1992, p.125). Bethune left government when the NYA was eradicated in 1944, but she never ended her fight for the black race. She fought discrimination within the armed forces, serving as a Special Civilian Assistant to the war department. Bethune served as a US delegate and she represented the NAACP at the first meeting of the United Nations. She was also on President Trumans Committee for National Defense (Wright, 1999, p.12) n her late seventies Bethune returned to her cottage on the Bethune-Cookman campus. She died at the age of 79 from a heart attack on May 18, 1955 (Smith, 2001, p.72). Mary McLeod Bethune was an eminent leader that served on many councils and boards in addition to the organizations that she had initiated; President of the National Association of Teachers in Colored schools, vice president of the Commission on Interracial Operation, and president of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History. Her advocation was important to the National Urban League, Southern Conferences for Human Welfare and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (Sicherman et.al, 1980 p.78).Bethunes lifelong dedication to Christian faith and social services left a legacy of spiritual and social transformation. Her school that began as a rented cottage with five students but grew to become a senior college, Bethune-Cookman College, is the only historically Black college founded by a Black woman that continues to thrive today. Bethune inspired and became a role model for her students as she battled not only the issue of race but gender as well. B ethune had learned in her days at Scotia Seminary that whites and blacks could work together, often serving as the only Black woman in many committees the unequal distribution of Blacks in policy making arenas only inspired Bethune to continue encouraging Black women to reach new heights. Never halted by others disproval or lack of support Bethunes goal were limitless for Black women. She went from a little girl in Mayesville to a powerful advisor of President Roosevelt during the Depression and President Truman. Holding positions such as the Director of the Division of Negro Affairs of the NYA and presidency in the NCNW allowed Bethune to speak of the injustices that Blacks faced in employment, enfranchisement, social welfare policies, and education. She led many women out of jobs of servitude and introduced them to education. Bethune knew that education was essential it was the only way to improve the state of the black community. Bethune labored for equality during an era when there was no national concern regarding the lower status and conditions of blacks. References Bolden, Tonya. (1998). And Not Afraid To Dare: The Stories of Ten African-American Woman (pp.91-101). Scholastic Paperbacks Bostch, Carol Sears. (2002). Mary McLeod Bethune http://www.usca.edu/aasc/bethune.htm Hine, Darlene Clark, Brown, Elsa Barkley Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn (1992). Black Women in America (pp.113-128).Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press Holt, Rackham, (1964). Mary McLeod Bethune A Biography. Garden city, NY, 23 Johnson-Miller, Beverly. (1998). Mary Bethune. http://www.talbot.edu/ce20/educators/view.cfm?n=mary_bethune Sicherman, Barbara, Green, Carol Hud, Kantrov, Ilene, Walker, Harriet. (1980). Notable American Women the Modern Period: A Biographical Dictionary (pp.76-80). Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Smith, Jessie Carney. (2001). Black Heroes (pp. 66-72). Canton, MI: Visible Ink Press Wilds, Mary. (2004). I Dare Not Fail: Notable African American Women Educators (pp. 24-24). Greensboro, NC: Avisson Press, Incorporated Wright, R Brian (1999, April 27). The Idealistic Realist: Mary McLeod Bethune, The National Council of Negro Women and The National Youth Administration (pp.1-12).Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia

Fear in Lord of the Flies Essays -- Lord of the Flies William Golding

Fear in Lord of the Flies In the novel the Lord of the Flies, written by William Golding, fear is the cause of all of the problems that take place on the island. At first, the island is thought to be splendid and a paradise, but as the boys' stay on the island increases, so, too, do their fears. The boys soon become afraid of each other and soon after that the boys break up and fight because of the fear. The boys' original fears are of what they think are beasts. "Then people started getting frightened" (Golding, 88). This was spoken by Ralph at an assembly because he knew that things were breaking up and he also knew why. It was the fear. In the novel the Lord of the Flies, fear is the root of the trouble that is caused on the island. The boys' fear turns into fear of each other after only a short time on the island. Many of the boys leave Ralph and join Jack's tribe of hunters because Jack provides them with fun. Jack's tribe goes hunting and has feasts and everyone, even if it is only for a short time, forgets about the beast and ignores it. After a while, though, some of the boys are in Jack's tribe because of their fear, but not their fear of the beast. They stay in Jack's group because they are afraid of Jack and, eventually, Roger. Jack controls them all by showing he is merciless; He's going to beat Wilfred. What for? Robert shook his head doubtfully. I don't know. He didn't say. He got angry and made us tie Wilfred up (176). Jack beats up members of his tribe for no reason at all, except to instill upon them the fear of himself. Soon, everyone is afraid of Roger also. The twins are forced to join Jack's tribe and are terrified of Roger. "You don't know Roger. He's a terror." "-and t... ...ic, see a beast sitting on top of the mountain and Ralph, Jack and Roger confirm what the twins saw, there is complete fear. No one is willing to walk alone or even to go deep into the forests, except for Simon. The boys are terrified and this is when things start to break up. Now, the fear moves on from what they think is the beast to something much more dangerous. Now, they are afraid of each other. At first the island is thought to be a paradise by the boys. It is a dream come true. The boys are living every child's fantasy. Then things start to go horribly wrong. Fear sets in. In this novel, William Golding illustrates that fear is everywhere and can wreak havoc on many things. In this case the boys become afraid of each other and for all of them survival becomes impossible. They eventually they realize that dreams can easily turn into nightmares.